Monday, December 30, 2019

Learn 600 of the Most Important English Nouns

The 600 nouns in this list are part of Charles K. Ogdens compilation of 850 words, which he released in 1930 with the book Basic English: A General Introduction with Rules and Grammar. This list is an excellent starting point for building up vocabulary to converse fluently in English. While this list is helpful for a strong beginning, more advanced vocabulary building will help you improve your English.   400 General Nouns 1. account2. act4. adjustment5. advertisement6. agreement7. air8. amount9. amusement10. animal11. answer12. apparatus13. approval14. argument15. art16. attack17. attempt18. attention19. attraction20. authority21. back22. balance23. base24. behavior25. belief26. birth27. bit28. bite29. blood30. blow31. body32. brass33. bread34. breath35. brother36. building37. burn38. burst39. business40. butter41. canvas42. care43. cause44. chalk45. chance46. change47. cloth48. coal49. color50. comfort51. committee52. company53. comparison54. competition55. condition56. connection57. control58. cook59. copper60. copy61. cork62. copy63. cough64. country65. cover66. crack67. credit68. crime69. crush70. cry71. current72. curve73. damage74. danger75. daughter76. day77. death78. debt79. decision80. degree81. design82. desire83. destruction84. detail85. development86. digestion87. direction88. discovery89. discussion90. disease91. disgust92. distance93. distribution94. division95. doubt96. drink97. driving 98. dust99. earth100. edge 101. education102. effect103. end104. error105. event106. example107. exchange108. existence109. expansion110. experience111. expert112. fact113. fall114. family115. father116. fear117. feeling118. fiction119. field120. fight121. fire122. flame123. flight124. flower125. fold126. food127. force128. form129. friend130. front131. fruit132. glass133. gold134. government135. grain136. grass137. grip138. group139. growth140. guide141. harbor142. harmony143. hate144. hearing145. heat146. help147. history148. hole149. hope150. hour151. humor152. ice153. idea154. impulse155. increase156. industry157. ink158. insect159. instrument160. insurance161. interest162. invention163. iron164. jelly165. join166. journey167. judge168. jump169. kick170. kiss171. knowledge172. land173. language174. laugh175. low176. lead177. learning178. leather179. letter180. level181. lift182. light183. limit184. linen185. liquid186. list187. look188. loss189. love190. machine191. man192. manager193. mark194. market195. mass196. meal197. measure198. meat199. meeting200. memory 201. metal202. middle203. milk204. mind205. mine206. minute207. mist208. money209. month210. morning211. mother212. motion213. mountain214. move215. music216. name217. nation218. need219. news220. night221. noise222. note223. number224. observation225. offer226. oil227. operation228. opinion229. order230. organization231. ornament232. owner233. page234. pain235. paint236. paper237. part238. paste239. payment240. peace241. person242. place243. plant244. play245. pleasure246. point247. poison248. polish249. porter250. position251. powder252. power253. price254. print255. process256. produce257. profit258. property259. prose260. protest261. pull262. punishment263. purpose264. push265. quality266. question267. rain268. range269. rate270. ray271. reaction272. reading273. reason274. record275. regret276. relation277. religion278. representative279. request280. respect281. rest282. reward283. rhythm284. rice285. river286. road287. roll288. room289. rub290. rule291. run292. salt293. sand294. scale295. science296. sea297. seat298. secretary299. selection 300. self301. sense302. servant303. sex304. shade305. shake306. shame307. shock308. side309. sign310. silk311. silver312. sister313. size314. sky315. sleep316. slip317. slope318. smash319. smell320. smile321. smoke322. sneeze323. snow324. soap325. society326. son327. song328. sort329. sound330. soup331. space332. stage333. start334. statement335. steam336. steel337. step338. stitch339. stone340. stop341. story342. stretch343. structure344. substance345. sugar346. suggestion347. summer348. support349. surprise350. swim351. system352. talk353. taste354. tax355. teaching356. tendency357. test358. theory359. thing360. thought361. thunder362. time363. tin364. top365. touch366. trade367. transport368. trick369. trouble370. turn371. twist372. unit373. use374. value375. verse376. vessel377. view378. voice379. walk380. war381. wash382. waste383. water384. wave385. wax386. way387. weather388. week389. weight390. wind391. wine392. winter393. woman394. wood395. wool396. word397. work398. wound39 9. writing400. year 200 Specific Nouns 1. angle2. ant3. apple4. arch5. arm6. army7. baby8. bag9. ball10. band11. basin12. basket13. bath14. bed15. bee16. bell17. berry18. bird19. blade20. board21. boat22. bone23. book24. boot25. bottle26. box27. boy28. brain29. brake30. branch31. brick32. bridge33. brush34. bucket35. bulb36. button37. cake38. camera39. card40. carriage41. cart42. cat43. chain44. cheese45. chess46. chin47. church48. circle49. clock50. cloud51. coat52. collar53. comb54. cord55. cow56. cup57. curtain58. cushion59. dog60. door61. drain62. drawer63. dress64. drop65. ear66. egg67. engine68. eye69. face70. farm71. feather72. finger73. fish74. flag75. floor76. fly77. foot78. fork79. fowl80. frame81. garden82. girl83. glove84. goat85. gun86. hair87. hammer88. hand89. hat90. head91. heart92. hook93. horn94. horse95. hospital96. house97. island98. jewel99. kettle 100. key101. knee102. knife103. knot104. leaf105. leg106. library107. line108. lip109. lock110. map111. match112. monkey113. moon114. mouth115. muscle116. nail117. neck118. needle119. nerve120. net121. nose122. nut123. office124. orange125. oven126. parcel127. pen128. pencil129. picture130. pig131. pin132. pipe133. plane134. plate135. plough136. pocket137. pot138. potato139. prison140. pump141. rail142. rat143. receipt144. ring145. rod146. roof147. root148. sail149. school150. scissors151. screw152. seed153. sheep154. shelf155. ship156. shirt157. shoe158. skin159. skirt160. snake161. sock162. spade163. sponge164. spoon165. spring166. square167. stamp168. star169. station170. stem171. stick172. stocking173. stomach174. store175. street176. sun177. table178. tail179. thread180. throat181. thumb182. ticket183. toe184. tongue185. tooth186. town187. train188. tray189. tree190. trousers191. umbrella192. wall193. watch194. wheel195. whip196. whistle197. window198. wing199. wire200. worm

Sunday, December 22, 2019

The Common Fruit Fly Drosophila Melanogaster - 913 Words

Name: Hussain Naeem PS ID #: 1401609 BIOL 3311 Fall 2014 Lab Section: 15833 Date: 9/28/15 TA Instructor Name: Esra Unsal Writing Assignment 3: Eyes in flies: An overview of the cinnabar gene and its relation to Huntington s disease† Introduction The common fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is often regarded as the model organism for genetic testing due to many factors such as its short reproductive cycle, its similarities to humans, or the ease of tracking mutations in Drosophila melanogaster. The Drosophila melanogaster is used to model diseases such as Cancer, Diabetes, and Huntington’s Disease. By studying the changes in how the proteins interact, the origin of such disease can be found providing a deeper understanding of how to cure these fatal ailments. Since Drosophila melanogaster is 70% similar to the human genome mutation in humans can easily be replicated in the flies. Due to their short lifespan, the Drosophila melanogaster allow for the progression of the mutations to occur rapidly and allow tracing of the mutation into subsequent generations. Drosophila melanogaster generally has a phenotypic change associated with mutated genes that control the coding of certain proteins. A mutation in the cinnabar gene, which causes the ocelli to become colorless and the eyes to become a bright red color, was originally discovered by Roy Clausen, a professor at the University of California in 1918. The cinnabar gene is a protein coder gene which controls how theShow MoreRelatedThe Common Fruit Fly By Gregor Mendel1404 Words   |  6 Pagesbe studied on a multitude of organisms, some more than others. Drosophila melanogaster or the common fruit fly has been studied in depth for its great advantages, such as size, reproduction rate, ease of care and inexpensive room and board. In this experiment we tested to see what the offspring of an unknown cross of an F1 generation would produce. After observing the F2 generation and recording the data we found some of the Drosophila showed mutations, two in particular. The mutations were the apterusRead MoreA Study On Drosophila Melanogaster1742 Words   |  7 Pages Abstract Drosophila melanogaster was used for this study for their fast reproduction cycles, fast regenerations, large amounts of offspring for each generation and their capability of living in a small limited space. The dominant or recessive genotype could be determining by the used of Mendelian genetic ratios for wild-type to mutant’s genes. The mutation that this study focuses on is the defects of the phenotypes in the common fruit fly, example; wing shape, wing sizes, body color and whatRead MoreExamination Of Cell Division And Dna Replication956 Words   |  4 Pagestraits that hinder survival, otherwise known as natural selection. Drosophila melanogaster, more commonly known as the fruit fly, has been used for over 100 years to research genetics. All organisms have a common genetic systems. Therefore, studying sequences in fruit flies helps with the understanding of these sequences in other eukaryotes, namely humans. There are many reasons for using this particular organism. Originally, the fruit fly was probably chosen for its simplicity. They are small and canRead MoreGenetic Mutations And Sex Linked Crosses That Each Generation Of The Fruit Fly Can Make1152 Words   |  5 Pages Drosophila melanogaster is an important model organism in biological research and has been prevalent for over one hundred years. Fruit flies are used by researchers because they having many qualities that make them favorable in research including their genetics, size, and reproductive capacity. The goal of the experiment is to test the different genetic mutations and sex linked crosses that each generation of the fruit fly can make . This lab sets up crosses of flies that reproduce in two-week spanRead MoreMolecular Physiology And Developmental Biology962 Words   |  4 Pagessteroid hormone ecdysone, which directly controls Drosophila germline stem cell activity. These studies expanded her ability to design experiments significant for explaining gene function, and provided her with extensive experience in the use of the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster. D. melanogaster is known to be widely used for biological research in genetics, physiology, microbial pathogenesis, and many other disciplines of Biology. Drosophila is typically used in research because it can be readilyRead MoreExplaining The Mendelian Theory On Genetics1079 Words   |  5 Pagestheory on genetics. An experiment done on the common fruit fly shows how the dominant and recessive traits appear in the generation tested. The data collected and found by using a chi-square and Punnett square that allowed a hypothesis to be made and the decision to be accepted or rejected. Drosophila Melanogaster, the common fruit fly is an essential organism to use for genetic research because of its simple living requirements and choice of diet. The fly can also be easily sedated and obtains manyRead MoreDrosophila Melanogaster Lab Experiment2429 Words   |  10 PagesInvestigation | May 28 2013 | Drosophila melanogaster lab experiment Question:  How do the dominant or recessive genes in particular traits in a cross between a male and female Drosophila determine the traits of its offspring? Aim: to establish whether characteristics produced from the offspring of a drosophila cross are recessive or dominant traits. Hypothesis: If certain phenotypes are expressed in the offspring from the cross of certain Drosophila, then the determination or justificationRead MoreNatural and Sexual Selection of Vestigial and Wild Type Drosophila Melanogaster2428 Words   |  10 PagesSelection of Vestigial and Wild Type Drosophila melanogaster Abstract In this experiment, vestigial flies as well as wild type flies were used to create some diversity as well as test one of our hypotheses. Our hypotheses are as follows; 1) The wild type flies will have a greater relative fitness compared to the vestigial flies based on only sexual selection.   The wild type has a relative fitness of 1 since it has fully functional wings.   Vestigial Winged flies are not as sexually appealing sinceRead MoreDrosophila Melanogaster : A Model Organism Within Genetics Research Essay2081 Words   |  9 PagesDrosophila melanogaster is a species of fruit fly, used as a model organism in genetics research. We used this species to test the pattern of inheritance of two traits; eye color and wing type. With Mendelian Genetics, we assume genes are not linked. Thus, our hypothesis is that the genes are not linked. We ran two crosses, one with a wild type female and mutant male, and one with a mutant female and wild type male. We then proceeded to look at th e two generations following this original cross; theRead MoreThree Point Test Cross and Gene Mapping in Drosophila Melanogaster560 Words   |  2 PagesThree Point Test Cross and Gene Mapping in Drosophila Melanogaster Many traits incorporated into the design of the Drosophila, commonly known as the fruit fly, make it an optimal specimen for scientific research. Their short life cycle, averaging between twelve and fourteen days, and ability to be easily manipulated through controlled mating allows scientist the opportunity to create large sample sizes with great ease. Although these tiny creatures have been around since the days of ancient Greece

Saturday, December 14, 2019

Essay on Positive and Negative Effects of Marriage Free Essays

â€Å"Marriage is the process by which two people make their relationship public, officials and permanent† according to PsychologyToday. Marriage allows your relationship to be recognized by the government. People can marry for multiple reasons, including religion, economic benefits, or for love and companionship. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on Positive and Negative Effects of Marriage or any similar topic only for you Order Now The social clock has changed in America, with more people marrying later in their life. There are many reasons why people are deciding to push marriage off. Marriage can be both beneficial and negative.Marriage can provide better economic stability for both partners. When you marry, you can receive a marital tax deduction. This allows you to transfer assets to your spouse without being taxed for it. You are also able to obtain your spouse’s benefits including social security and health insurance. Prenuptials are a secure way to keep your assets in marriage. By having a prenuptial, people can keep their original assets no matter if there is a split or divorce. Married couples are generally more financially stable, with â€Å"the median household income of married families is twice gag of divorced households and four times that of esperares households† according to the website Marripedia.Married people also have mental health and biological benefits. For example, married people typically live longer: â€Å"Research consistently shows that couples in a committed marriage live longer that those that are single† said Ivy Jacobson, author of the article â€Å"13 Legal Benefits of Marriage.† Because both people feel constant support from their partners, mental stability is improved, allowing the couple to live longer and decrease the chance of depression. Mental health is extremely important in the health of the relationship. By bottling up emotions and thoughts, it can negatively impact your self-esteem and increase stress. By having a partner, you are allowed to open up and feel heard, decreasing that stress and improving the way you look at yourself. Marriage increases serotonin levels. Serotonin is a chemical and neurotransmitter in the human body and is â€Å"sometimes called the happy chemical because it contributes to wellbeing and happiness† stated James McIntosh in his article â€Å"What is Serotonin and What Does It Do?† Having a significant other to provide physical affection and emotional support triggers the release of serotonin, helping create a positive mindset. Marriage can also result in divorce and financial stability. According to the website DivorceStatistics, â€Å"current divorce statistics in America is estimated to be fifty percent.† It is projected that the divorce rate will continue at this same rate in the future, making your chance of a lasting marriage unlikely. As well as a chance that your marriage will fail, a divorce is very expensive. A divorce with child custody and support issues cost about 26 thousand dollars. A divorce without child custody and support is about 17 thousand dollars. These extremely high costs can leave both sides of the party in major economic distress. There is also a possibility that you could be marrying into a financial burden. If one person obtains debt, the spouse will carry that debt as well. â€Å"Researchers analyzed the relationship of 4500 couples and found arguments about money were the the top predictor of divorce† says Nancy Durham, author of â€Å"Should You Tie the Knot? Financial Reasons Why Marriage Might Be A Misstep.† As a married couple, you will need to plan your future financial situations and be able to save money efficiently. Negative mental health characteristics can also arise from marriage. One spouse may become too emotionally dependent on their partners, causing stress and tension between the two. That spouse may start to feel as though they need their partner to be happy, and can become too emotionally reliant on them. As well as one partner being too emotionally invested, mental health disorders do not help. Negative emotional reactions caused by disorders can become intensified. Partners that cannot get the support and assistance they need from their partners often resort to substance abuse and isolation. According to Pierre Imlay, a mental health therapist, in his article â€Å"Mental Illness in Couple Relationships,† â€Å"when the marital stress is at its peak, there’s a greater likelihood of substance misuse, movement toward divorce, and male aggression.† Marriage can be viewed in both a positive and negative way. Marriage can be very beneficial to couples that have communicated to each other about their expectations for the relationship and marriage, their future, economic situation, and their mental health. If there is a major disagreement, you may want to rethink about getting married and weigh out the pros or cons, or else you may just end up being another statistic for divorce. Although marriage has many components that should be discussed beforehand, it ultimately is a beautiful thing that should be shared and taken seriously. How to cite Essay on Positive and Negative Effects of Marriage, Essays

Friday, December 6, 2019

Classical Music Essay Research Paper Classical Music free essay sample

Classical Music Essay, Research Paper Classical Music, popular term for the Western tradition of art music that began in Europe in the Middle Ages and continues today. It includes symphonic musics, chamber music, opera, and other serious, artistic music. More narrowly, the classical manner refers to the work of the Viennese classical school, a group of 18th-century composers that includes Franz Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Ludwig van Beethoven, which is the prototype of what is called classical music. Choral Music, music Sung by a group of people, utilizing two or more vocalists to execute each musical line. The term part-song is used for vocal music holding one vocalist for each portion. Choral music is written for choruses, or choirs, dwelling either of grownups, kids, or both. Although complex genres of choral music developed in Western music, part-singing patterns were besides established in common people, tribal, and non-Western civilizations. Such vocalizing frequently accompanies manual labour, expresses joy or sorrow, or forms a portion of spiritual ritual. Among the universe # 8217 ; s many vocalizing traditions are the polyphonic ( multipart ) , polyrhythmic choruses of African music ; the relaxed harmoniousnesss found in the Alpine and northern Slavic countries of Europe ; the tense-voiced adult females # 8217 ; s canons of the Balkans ; the unison choral vocalizing that sometimes accompanies an Indonesian gamelan orchestra ; and the unison and polyphonic choruses of Oceania. In ancient Greece, spiritual feelings were expressed in play by a chorus. Although the chorus members? like those of modern opera? were terpsichoreans and histrions every bit good as vocalists, the term chorus finally came to bespeak merely vocalists. Chant, unaccompanied Sung tune, the beat and melodious contours of which are closely tied to the spoken beat and inflexions of the text. Chant texts can be either sacred or secular, but the term normally refers to sacred liturgical music. Chant has been used in spiritual ceremonials since ancie National Trust times. In footings of contemporary chant manners in the Western universe, the most of import of the early repertories is Judaic liturgical chant, or cantillation ( see Jewish Music ) . The early Christian church borrowed non merely its manners, or graduated tables, but besides some Hebrew tunes and melodious fragments. Most of the texts in Christian chant are taken from or based on the Psalms, a scriptural book shared by Jews and Christians. Several types of Christian chant, which is frequently called plainsong, developed during the first 1000 old ages of the Christian epoch. A repertory called Ambrosian chant developed at Milan, Italy ; named after St. Ambrose, it is still used in some Roman Catholic services in Milan. In Spain, until about the eleventh century, there was a chant repertory called Mozarabic chant, named after the Mozarab Christians who lived in Arab-dominated Spain during the Middle Ages. Today Mozarabic chant survives in a few Spanish cathedrals. Until the ninth century, France had its ain chant repertory, called Gallican chant ; a few hints of it remain today in the Gregorian repertory. In Rome a separate repertory developed that finally distribute throughout Europe and superseded the others. It is now called Gregorian chant after Pope Gregory I, known as the Great, who was active in roll uping Roman chants, holding them assigned specific topographic points within the Holy Eucharist, and seeing that they were adopted by churches in other metropoliss and states. Today about 3000 different Gregorian tunes are known. The Eastern Christian churches developed several types of chant before AD 1000, discrepancies of which are still used. The Armenian, Byzantine, Russian, Greek, and Syrian repertories are the most of import. Many of the original tunes in these repertories were incorporated into the Gregorian repertory. Among Protestant denominations merely the Church of England has encouraged an extended usage of chant ; its repertory, which is harmonized, is called Anglican chant.

Friday, November 29, 2019

Prohibition Essays (170 words) - Prohibition In The United States

Prohibition: The Gateway to Organized Crime As many of you may know, last January the Eightneeth amendment, banning the manufacture, sale, and transportation came into effect. A recent study shows that drinking among wage earners has decreased because of higher alcohol prices leading you to believe that maybe this amendment has been a success, but among young people, mostly college students, drinking has increased. The Volstead Act was passed to enforce the eighteenth amentment. However, the enforcement still remains poor as the alcohol business is booming. Vast amounts of organized crime has come about as entreprenuers risk arrest to gain controls of various joints and speakeasies. It was recently reported that this poor enforcement is due to pushover personnel failing to pinch rebels as they are paid to overlook illegal establishments. This careless behavior is simply allowing establishments to flourish. With the carelessness of the police has also allowed businesses other than the illegal alcohol business to profit. It has also resulted in an increase in prostitution, gambling, and robbery.

Monday, November 25, 2019

TMA1 Lodge bistro Essay

TMA1 Lodge bistro Essay TMA1 Lodge bistro Essay Lodge Bistro Chain To: Patricia Lodge From: iphonedave Date: 26/10/2013 TMA 1. Part A. Having reviewed the case study of Lodge Bistro Chain I have put together this informal report outlining problem areas within the business. A lack of consistency and structure across the chain, this can become extremely problematic, employees need rules and procedures to ensure everyone knows what they are doing and what’s expected of them by the company. A clear lack of continuity with the interior design of bistros - store managers whitewashing the wallpapered walls. An aging image and concept, based on competition setting up a much more up to date look on a French bistro. Lack of Regular communication, head office relaxed the frequency of audits from 8 page spot check reports being done at least once a month to infrequent scheduled manager meetings. If the manager knows you’re coming you will never see a true representation of the bistro. High Staff Turnover in the East Cheam Bistro added with poor financial performance means bad management Part B. I have decided to use the SWOT Analysis which is based on Capons work (Preston et al 2006) SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Now when thinking about threats we need to consider the potential damage these could cause to your organization’s performance within the marketplace or the external environment. The threat might come from an external factor like a competitor or an internal source such as bad management. We will go on to outline some opportunities I see moving forward to see if we can appeal to a wider market and of course your strengths, we need to touch on these so you know what you’re doing well so we can develop and grow them. Threats. Growing competition in the sector in the form of restaurants, cafes, multiple fast-food chains, coffee bars, independent and chain restaurants, cafes in supermarkets and book shops. Even the French bistro concept had been copied and the chain Cafe Rouge had opened over 100 outlets across the country, all new and catering much more to the ever evolving needs of the consumer. The Recession has caused your core demographic (older adult) who already spend less comparative to their younger counterparts to now spend even less. Bad management, because you lost structure and allowed managers to make up their own rules standards slipped, experienced staff left and new staff jumped ship as soon as they became productive. Strengths. Established chain of 25 branches, the experience of your long term staff employed for a number of years, as well as the enthusiasm of younger and new employees. Part 3. I want to offer some ideas and opportunities I feel will help your business moving forward. Take on board the opinions of both the new and existing staff, perhaps not fully bringing back the old strict approach, while retaining some of the modern relaxed approach will maintain high standards and keep staff happy. Offer staff a set training

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Business Management And Leadership - Leading (U4GP) Essay

Business Management And Leadership - Leading (U4GP) - Essay Example As a result, seven people were killed, â€Å"and a widespread panic ensued about how widespread the contamination might be† (Mallenbaker, 2008, pg. 1). What stuck in people’s minds was not the culprit, but the Tylenol name. Everyone began to associate Tylenol with the poisonings and, as a result, the company’s market share fell by $1 billion in a very short amount of time. â€Å"When the same situation happened in 1986, the company had learned its lessons well. It acted quickly - ordering that Tylenol should be recalled from every outlet - not just those in the state where it had been tampered with. Not only that, but the company decided the product would not be re-established on the shelves until something had been done to provide better product protection. As a result, Johnson & Johnson developed the tamperproof packaging that would make it much more difficult for a similar incident to occur in future† (Mallenbaker, 2008, pg. 1). Johnson & Johnson handled the crisis beautifully, but they paid a very high price. As previously mentioned, the company’s share price took a large hit when the crisis first occurred. In addition to that, the company suffered losses in production and products that they had to destroy as a result of the crisis. The good news is that the appropriate actions the company took were met with a high level of praise from the public. They have since become known as a consumer champion as a result of the actions they took to control the Tylenol product contamination case. According to Mallenbaker, â€Å"Within five months of the disaster, the company had recovered 70% of its market share for the drug - and the fact this went on to improve over time showed that the company had succeeded in preserving the long term value of the brand. In fact, there is some evidence that it was rewarded by consumers who were so reassured

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

The business law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The business law - Essay Example However, there are certain norms and formalities to be followed with respect to the grant of loan to CPI since as per law, the company and its principle shareholder are distinct entitites. Hence, in the eyes of law, the shareholder Luigi Gelata and the loaner Company, ICCI are two distinct entities. If the event of LG acting on a personal capacity with regard to matters that effect the company, it is necessary that he seek the permission of the Board of Directors and seek their consent in such matters, especially in the case of granting, or receiving loans, or other matters which affect the company as a whole. ICCI should authorize the grant of Shareholder Loan to CPI. Next, the Shareholder Loan Document has to be duly authenticated in a Board Meeting duly convened, minuted and signed by the Board of Directors of the lending Company, ICCI. Further, the Board of Directors should ratify Luigi Gelati's authority to disburse the loan. The terms governing the granting of loan should be clearly specified in the document, including the interest rates (if any), mode, term and value of repayment or amortization scheduling and whether the loan is repayable on demand or is for a specified period. The conditionalities to be imposed in the event of default of the loanee, that is, in the event of inability on the part of CPI to service the interest or principal amount should be clearly specified in the Shareholder Loan Document. It is advisable... judicious to have the loan document witnessed and notarized since this is an accepted practice used by Banks and Registry, should such a need arise for the loaner Company, ICCI, to utilize their services in future. (Shareholder Loan Agreements. 2008). In the second part the main facts that need to be considered are as follows: Issue 1: Whether ICCI could lay priority to claim goods over bank and employees Law: The unpaid seller has the highest priority to lay claim over the goods over other creditors in the event of goods being sold and delivered to the bankrupt debtor. However, the following conditions apply: Debtors must have be unable to pay for the full price of the goods bought. Next, the seller has claimed return of the goods within 30 days of delivery to the buyer, but this has not been done by the buyer. The debtor has been rendered bankrupt or a receiver has been appointed, as is evident in this case. Further, the goods are still in the same state, condition and possession of the buyer and finally, the goods are identifiable as belonging to the debtor. Application: It is seen that in this case the following aspects are applicable, except whether the claim for return had been served to MMRI (unclear) Issue 2: Could the Bank claim a security interest in the goods: Law: Order of priorities on bankruptcy: unpaid seller, PMSI secured creditor, other secured creditor, preferred creditors (including employees for up to 6 months wages (max. $2,000), other unsecured creditors. In this case bank could lay claim of being a secured creditor after the claim of ICCI, and to the extent of balance unpaid amounts, the bank would be treated as an unsecured creditor. Application: Since ICCI are 1st preferential creditors, it ranks over the secured and unsecured

Monday, November 18, 2019

THE ROLE PERCEPTIONS OF TEACHERS IN SCHOOLS Case Study

THE ROLE PERCEPTIONS OF TEACHERS IN SCHOOLS - Case Study Example In this regard, a teacher who has just started her career may be motivated by the salary he or she gets at the end of the month. However, as time goes, the same teacher wants more in order to get satisfaction from his job. By more, it is not in terms of the salary they get but by the role he or she plays in the society. Every teacher, after some years in teaching wants to have the guarantee that he or she is contributing positively to the society. He or she wants to see himself as an inspirer and as a person who contributes in a positive way to the society. If the society perceives him as a source of inspiration for the young minds, he will receive admiration and this will fulfill him. This perception will help in making the teacher feel more important and this also helps in improving the way he regards his work as a professional. When a teacher feels that the society and possibly his students believe that his role is important, he is most likely to invest more time in his professional development and be even better. These perceptions can be revealed in a number of ways. First, the way the parents delegate some of the parenting roles to the teacher such as disciplining their child can be indicative of the way the parent perceives the teacher. This perception will also determine how the teacher relates with his students. Of importance to understand is that the way the teacher is treated will also affect her perception of how important his role is. If the teacher perceives that the society (such as the parents, the students, the school) don’t treat her with dignity, this will change the way the teacher will relate with her students. The teacher can use these perceptions to determine how he or she is going to relate with the students and this will determine whether she will be defensive or affective. They will determine whether the

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Refurbishment Vs Redevelopment In Malaysia Construction Essay

Refurbishment Vs Redevelopment In Malaysia Construction Essay Malaysia property market has experienced a drastic change in 2008. The property market moved from a boom at the end of 2007 to uncertainties due to increasing construction cost. Finally, the property market moved into a relatively quiet market towards the end of 2008. With all the banks trying to tighten their loan terms, obtaining loans for development of all types of commercial building have been difficult in the last three years. Yet, study shows that there is still a high demand for space in office building in area like Kuala Lumpur. From time to time, there are several developments of new office buildings in Klang Valley area. From the study done by JPPH, there is an increase of approximately 10 million square metres of new office space throughout Kuala Lumpur. Yet, the average vacancy rate in office space decreased to 18.6%. This proved that the demand for office building is still able to cater the increase in new office space. Study also showed that there is a new supply of approximately 280,000 square metres of new office space and additional 92,000 square metres of office being refurbished and repositioned in the year of 2009. So, building owners have to struggle to maintain the popularity and the competitiveness of their building. The current lack of new-build development raises the likelihood of grade-A supply shortages when the occupier market returns, creating investment opportunities for carefully targeted refurbishment. But, usually owner is in great dilemma when they are in such situation. As everyone know, the refurbishment of office space offers advantages over new-build which can facilitate the achievement of economic, social and environmental sustainability. But, redevelopment is the ultimate solution for eliminating all problems regarding the maintenance, changing tenants requirement and other probems. Making comparisons between refurbishment and redevelopment is also problematic because the term refurbishment can be used to encompass a wide spectrum of building works, from minor cosmetic improvements through to extensive reconstruction. But, in the majority of cases, refurbishment will be a quicker and cheaper means of restoring second-hand office space to grade-A specification. As a low-cost option, the refurbishment of office space should be intuitively attractive in an economic climate marked by a lack of development finance. But in many cases refurbishment is as costly as redevelopment and likely to carry with it greater risks and physical constraints. Problem statement Malaysian has been accused as a clever builder but poor manager. For example, certain office buildings in Golden Triangle are often looked deteriorated and relatively matured compared to other purposed-built office building. Example of such older office buildings are those office building located on the fringe of Central Business District, like Jalan Ampang. These older office buildings have a higher tendency to be left vacant due to its poor office building images. This will leads to lower rental rate to be paid by the tenants to remain its competitiveness. Other important characteristic of such office building also includes by low occupancy rate, lower quality of the building and services provided. Besides, recent office developments are very likely to adopt green features such as energy saving, reduction of wastage and water usage, as well as the use of environmentally friendly materials. This new trend in development had forced many owners evaluate the condition of their building and try to make several changes to the buildings to attracts more tenants. These efforts are important to attract corporations who fascinate energy-saving and environmental-friendly building. But making such decision is not easy. The owners have to evaluate the cost and benefit of each choice, and determine the solution he desires to improve the condition of his buildings. But other factors also have to take into consideration. For example, the rate of interest the bank would charge for development of different risk, the time of completion and others also greatly affect the decision-making of owner Objectives of study This study has three main objectives. There are: To determine factors influencing the decision-making in deriving a solution to the method chosen. To identify the benefits of building refurbishment or redevelopment to the building users. To determine whether tenant likes refurbished secondary office building or newly redeveloped building. Scope of study The scope of this study will focus on selected office buildings, both building which had undergo refurbishment and those which had undergone redevelopment. To ensure a more complete study, the newly constructed building is also considered as building undergone redevelopment. The respondents of the questionnaire are limited to tenants in Golden Triangle area only. As for the property manager, all property managers can be chosen as the interviewee. Building manager who are hired by owners and acted on behalf of them, will gives their opinions in owner perspectives (maximise profit) and current tenants will voice out their preferences in choosing a building space. Methodology All the relevant data are collected through primary data and secondary data. Primary data includes questionnaire, samplings, interviews and case study. In this study, respondents identified in questionnaire study are selected property manager who represents building ownerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s point of view and some tenants within Golden Triangle area through sampling. As for interview session, interviewees targeted are property manager who are the representatives of building owners. Through this interview sessions, benefit of building refurbishment and redevelopment will be ascertained. Finally, case study of three similar office buildings will also be done as the quantitative analysis. All three building will be compared according to the cost incurred for construction and the benefit obtained. Then the differences in term of occupancy rates, rental and others will be calculated to represent the increment in term of market value. On the other hand, collection of data in this study will also includes references such as reference book, journal, articles, conference paper, property market reports, internet/ website searching and other sources. In addition, data will also be collected from books, magazines or newspaper article to obtain general information on building refurbishment and the effects of building refurbishment. Further details of methodology will be discussed in Chapter 3. Structure of Study This study consisted of five chapters. The brief discussion of each chapter is discussed as follows: Chapter 1 Chapter 1 is the introduction of the study. This chapter starts with an introduction of this study with a brief background. Besides, other things like problem statement, scope of study, methodology and others are also discussed in this chapter. Chapter 2 Chapter 2 is about the literature review. In this chapter, definition of building refurbishment and redevelopment, benefit of building refurbishment and redevelopment and others will be discussed in this chapter. Besides, factor influencing decision making of building refurbishment and the tenant preferences will also be discussed. Chapter 3 Chapter 3 is the methodology. In this chapter, methodology used to survey and interview in order to gather information needed. The structure of questionnaire is also discussed in this chapter. Furthermore, a brief discussion on the opinion of respondents of questionnaire and interviews will also be carried out in the last part of this chapter. Chapter 4 Chapter 4 is the chapter regarding research findings analysis. In this chapter, data gather will be analysed and presented in this chapter. An analysis on the benefit of building refurbishment and its value-enhancing ability will also be carried out by studying the information gathered through interviews, questionnaire survey, and secondary data. Chapter 5 Chapter 5 discuss about the conclusion and recommendation. In this chapter, conclusion from the findings and analysis of data in the previous chapter will be discussed and summarized. Besides, it also illustrate on the confirmation of the objectives and overall summary for the whole study. Other information included in this chapter is the suggestions for further study.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Characters as Portrayed Through Themes and Images in The English Patien

Characters as Portrayed Through Themes and Images in The English Patient       While the four main characters of The English Patient are extremely powerful, and important to the reader's understanding of the story, they cannot stand alone without the patterns of imagery, symbolism and metaphor which underpin the text, and offer a complexity which extends beyond the literal level. These patterns reveal information about each character, and provide significant links between characters and ideas which lead to a greater understanding of the novel. Likewise, the plot would have little impact upon the reader were the novel not so densely coloured with these patterns of imagery, symbol and metaphor; amongst which skin, hands, mapping and the elements are particularly important.    A metaphorical idea which resonates throughout the novel, and is present in all of the characters (particularly the English patient and Caravaggio) is the concept of man as a sort of communal Book, whereby every aspect of his life, and his relationships with others are "mapped" onto him. This also operates literally, through the obvious markings of scars on the English patient, and in Caravaggio's case, the loss of both thumbs.    ...his black body, beginning at his destroyed feet... ahove the shins the burns are worst. Beyond purple. Bone.    This description of the English patient's body is gruesome and confronting; it addresses the theme of pain, the construction of identity, and of course the physical evidence of his tortured past, which the reader learns more about as this imagery develops. It is almost as if his body is a landscape; a war zone onto which all evidence of suffering is mapped.    Imagery... ...o mirror the horrors of the wa rin which these four people are involved. The themes explored through the elements in particular, are complex and contradictory, just as the elements are themselves. Sometimes harsh, sometimes cleansing, and almost always painful, these elements shape the characters and plot, and reside in much of the imagery explored in the novel. The techniques of symbolism, metaphor and imagery develop the novel's themes of love, war, suffering and identity, which inform a reading of the novel which would not be as powerful through use of characters and plot alone. The subtlety and eloquence through which these themes are explored really inspire thought and reflection in the reader, which in turn credits a more complex understanding of the novel.    Work Cited Ondaatje, Michael. The English Patient. London: Pan Books, 1993 Â